Shigella Outbreak hits Northern Nevada

Northern Nevada Public Health (NNPH) has identified a Shigellosis outbreak after an influx of new cases and hospitalizations were reported.

Since late October, at least 14 cases and nine hospitalizations were reported, although the actual number of cases is expected to be much higher. Based on Nevada State Public Health Laboratory analysis and epidemiologic investigation, greater than 50 percent of the Shigellosis cases were among individuals experiencing homelessness. There is currently a low risk of transmission to the public at large.

As a result of this increase, NNPH is working to educate people about the risks of infection and prevention measures. NNPH staff are working with several agencies who serve or work with affected populations to mitigate the outbreak.

Shigellosis (pronounced “shih-guh-low-suhs”) is an intestinal (bowel) infection that causes diarrhea (sometimes bloody), fever, stomach pain, and the feeling of the need to pass a stool (poop) even when the bowels are empty. If you think you might have Shigellosis, contact your doctor or other healthcare provider.

Shigellosis can be spread by coming into contact with the poop of an infected person, eating or drinking contaminated food or water, or through sexual contact (oral, hand, anus).

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Shigellosis can be difficult to treat. Prevention is critical to reducing the spread of the infection, which includes:

• Hand Hygiene: Wash hands frequently with soap and water for at least 20 seconds after using the toilet, before preparing food, and after caring for a sick person.
• Avoid Food Preparation and Recreational Water: If you think you have Shigellosis or come into contact with it, do not prepare or share food with others, and avoid swimming in pools, lakes, or other recreational water sources while symptomatic and for at least two weeks after recovery.
• Safe Sex Practices: Refrain from sexual activity (vaginal, anal, oral) during illness and for two weeks following recovery. Safe sexual practices include using barriers like condoms or dental dams and washing hands after touching used barriers. Sex toys should be washed before and after use with soap and water.
• Stay Home from Work or School: Avoid work (especially in food service, healthcare, or childcare), school, or daycare until cleared by public health authorities.

Individuals experiencing symptoms are encouraged to seek medical care.